Chilblains

Chilblains are small, dark red, itchy swellings on the skin that occur as a reaction to cold temperatures. They are common when temperature extremes are experienced, such as in winter when it is cold outside but warm indoors. A common cause is placing the feet close to a heat source such as a fire or radiator after coming in from the cold, instead of allowing them to warm gradually. Cold temperatures cause narrowing of the blood vessels, especially where circulation is poor, and if followed by sudden heat the vessels widen. Blood flow can then leak into surrounding tissues, causing pain.

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Symptoms

Painful itching and burning sensation in hands and feet, especially fingers, toes and heels
Swelling of the affected area, which sometimes turns blue
Blistering of the skin in bad cases
Breaking of the skin and, in very severe cases, ulceration and scarring

Common causes

Sudden exposure to extreme temperatures
Poor circulation of the extremities, especially fingers, toes, hands and feet
Poor circulation caused by diabetes

What else can look similar

Corns and calluses. Areas subjected to high amounts of pressure can sometimes become black or dark red in colour
Skin ulcers, often seen in diabetic patients

What you can try at home

Put on warm clothing, especially gloves and warm socks
Heat the area gradually and gently, rather than sitting in front of a fire or using hot water bottles, which can make the pain worse
Creams and lotions are available from pharmacies but are best avoided in the long term
Smoking causes deterioration of the circulation and so should be avoided
Keeping active helps good circulation
Any broken chilblains should be dressed with an antiseptic and a sterile plaster until healed
Chilblains will normally heal within a couple of weeks. If the condition remains, or is causing concern, you should see your podiatrist

How we can help

Our podiatrists will first perform a physical examination and give you a diagnosis
Antibiotics will be needed in cases where skin breakage has caused an infection to develop. Our podiatrists can prescribe and provide these for you

Which appointment to book

If you are suffering from chilblains, or have symptoms that sound similar to those described above, you are recommended to book a routine podiatry appointment.